Specifyi g a 13-megapixel se so fo a ha dheld o mobile imagi g p oduct is a decisio that looks co ect o a datasheet a d fails i the field fo easo s that have othi g to do with the se so . At 4208 x 3120 ac oss a 1/3.2-i ch optical fo mat, each pixel subte ds a ve y small a gula slice of the sce e. That is why the esolutio is valuable, because a weld seam, a hai li e c ack, a co oded te mi al, o a lice se plate cha acte occupies e ough pixels to be classified eliably. It is also why the esolutio is f agile. Whe the pixel pitch is 1.1 µm, a a gula distu ba ce measu ed i f actio s of a deg ee moves the p ojected image by seve al pixel widths a d smea s sce e detail ac oss eighbo i g pixels.
Huma ha d t emo is a physiological sig al o ope ato ca supp ess th ough t ai i g. A tech icia holdi g a Ha dheld I spectio Came a at a m le gth i side a switchgea cabi et o agai st the u de side of a b idge deck i t oduces low-f eque cy d ift a d highe -f eque cy t emo at o ce. Vehicle-mou ted i stallatio s eplace t emo with a diffe e t distu ba ce p ofile. Road su face excitatio t a smitted th ough suspe sio a d chassis ha dwa e p oduces vib atio ac oss a b oad f eque cy ba d, a d that vib atio eaches the came a b acket ega dless of how ca efully it was machi ed. I both cases, the imagi g axis moves du i g the exposu e wi dow, a d the se so eco ds that motio as blu .
Rolli g shutte eadout compou ds the p oblem i a way that is ofte misu de stood. A y AR1335 Rolli g Shutte MIPI Came a exposes a d eads out pixel ows i seque ce athe tha simulta eously. Whe the imagi g axis moves du i g that eadout seque ce, diffe e t ows of the f ame a e captu ed f om slightly diffe e t viewi g a gles. The esult is ot a u ifo mly soft image but a geomet ically i co siste t o e, whe e st aight edges acqui e a shea o a wobble that va ies dow the f ame. Sha pe i g filte s applied dow st eam ca ot ecove this. The i fo matio was eve captu ed. Fo a 13MP Rolli g Shutte MIPI Came a deployed o a movi g platfo m, the co ect e gi ee i g espo se is to hold the optical path steady du i g exposu e athe tha to attempt eco st uctio afte the fact.
Stabilizatio ca be impleme ted at th ee poi ts i a imagi g system, a d the choice dete mi es what the system ca actually ecove . Elect o ic image stabilizatio ope ates o captu ed f ames. It c ops a ma gi f om each f ame a d shifts the c op wi dow to alig successive f ames agai st each othe . This method costs field of view, costs effective esolutio , a d does othi g about blu that occu ed withi a si gle exposu e. It stabilizes the seque ce athe tha the f ame, a d it co sumes memo y ba dwidth a d i fe e ce head oom o the same p ocesso u i g the detectio model.
Mecha ical stabilizatio at the mou t level, mea i g gimbals a d isolatio dampe s, wo ks well but adds mass, volume, cost, a d a movi g assembly that equi es mai te a ce. Ha dheld i st ume ts ca ot ca y that mass, a d vehicle-mou ted e closu es a ely have the volume fo it. Optical image stabilizatio solves the p oblem at the laye whe e the e o is i t oduced. A se sed a gula distu ba ce is cou te acted by physically shifti g the optical path withi the module so that the p ojected image emai s statio a y o the se so su face fo the du atio of the exposu e. The co ectio happe s befo e photo s a e i teg ated, which mea s the eco ded f ame is sha p athe tha epai ed.
Fo teams evaluati g a Optical Image Stabilizatio Came a agai st a fixed le s alte ative, the p actical be efit shows up i exposu e budget. Without stabilizatio , the o ly defe se agai st motio blu is a sho t exposu e. Sho t exposu es educe collected photo s a d fo ce a alog gai upwa d, which aises ead oise a d dest oys the low-co t ast detail i spectio a d ecog itio wo kloads depe d o . Stabilizatio exte ds the usable exposu e wi dow u de the same illumi atio , so the system u s at lowe gai a d p ese ves the sig al-to- oise ma gi classificatio accu acy equi es. This is the easo a AR1335 OIS Came a outpe fo ms a fixed le s module of ide tical esolutio i the e vi o me ts whe e high esolutio was specified i the fi st place.
Autofocus add esses a seco d a d i depe de t failu e mode. Fixed focus optics establish a si gle calib ated wo ki g dista ce a d a depth of field a ou d it. Eve y deployme t sce a io outside that ba d p oduces a soft image ega dless of stabilizatio quality. Ha dheld i spectio is defi ed by va iable wo ki g dista ce because the ope ato moves towa d a d away f om the subject co ti uously. A Voice Coil Moto autofocus assembly moves the le s eleme t alo g the optical axis u de elect ical co t ol, allowi g the module to co ve ge o the subject pla e whe eve the ope ato places it. Vadzo has published a detailed tech ical expla atio of autofocus se so came a p oducts a d Voice Coil Moto ope atio fo teams evaluati g focus mecha isms at the desig stage. Combi i g both mecha isms i o e module is what makes the 13MP Autofocus MIPI Came a suitable fo p oducts that move a d fo subjects that do ot stay at a fixed dista ce. A AR1335 Autofocus MIPI Came a solves motio a d dista ce togethe athe tha t adi g o e agai st the othe .
The Bolt-1335CRO is built o the O semi AR1335, a 1/3.2 i ch back-side-illumi ated CMOS se so with 1.1 µm pixel pitch delive i g 13MP at 4208 x 3120 full esolutio . The back-side-illumi ated a chitectu e places the photodiode above the metal i te co ect laye s so that i cide t light eaches the photose sitive egio without obst uctio f om wi i g. This aises qua tum efficie cy at the pixel level a d is the easo a 1.1 µm pixel emai s usable i the mode ate illumi atio co ditio s fou d i side cabi ets, e closu es, vehicle i te io s, a d cove ed i spectio sites. As a O semi AR1335 Came a, the module i he its a se so platfo m with a lo g p oductio histo y i embedded visio p og ams, a d as a AR1335 MIPI Came a, it delive s that se so ove the t a spo t embedded hosts accept atively.
Full- esolutio 13MP output se ves i spectio captu e a d a chival docume tatio whe e maximum spatial detail is equi ed f om a si gle f ame. The 4K video mode se ves co ti uous st eami g wo kloads. A 1080p mode obtai ed th ough pixel bi i g gives ba dwidth-co st ai ed hosts a esolutio step dow that combi es cha ge f om adjace t pixels, aisi g pe -pixel se sitivity while educi g data volume ac oss the i te face. Because all th ee modes a e selected th ough the same d ive co t ol path, a OEM ca ship o e ha dwa e co figu atio a d switch ope ati g modes i fi mwa e athe tha mai tai i g sepa ate ha dwa e va ia ts. This flexibility is a p actical equi eme t fo a 13MP 4K MIPI Came a that must se ve both a docume tatio wo kflow a d a live a alytics wo kflow o the same platfo m. A si gle 13MP Colo MIPI Came a co figu atio the efo e cove s equi eme ts that would othe wise dema d two disti ct ha dwa e builds.
The o boa d high-pe fo ma ce ISP is a defi i g a chitectu al featu e of this module athe tha a accesso y specificatio . The ISP esides o the came a module a d executes demosaici g, white bala ce, oise eductio , gamma co ectio , a d to e mappi g befo e data c osses the MIPI CSI-2 i te face, so the host eceives p ocessed colo f ames i stead of aw Baye data. O a NVIDIA Jetso o Raspbe y Pi host u i g a i fe e ce pipeli e, this is a di ect elease of compute a d memo y ba dwidth. It also emoves the ISP tu i g bu de f om the host softwa e team. Teams evaluati g a AR1335 4K MIPI Came a fo a edge i fe e ce p oduct should weigh this offload agai st the e gi ee i g time co sumed by host-side image p ocessi g developme t.
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“Most teams that come to us with a stabilizatio equi eme t have al eady t ied to solve it i softwa e a d have al eady paid fo it i field of view, i late cy, o i i fe e ce head oom. What we wa ted to give them with the Bolt-1335CRO is a module whe e the co ectio happe s i side the optical path a d the host eve sees the p oblem. Pai i g that with Voice Coil Moto autofocus a d a o boa d ISP mea s a e gi ee ca poi t a ha dheld i st ume t at a subject at a y wo ki g dista ce, o a platfo m that is vib ati g, a d still get a 4K f ame wo th u i g a model o . That is the outcome ou custome s a e actually buyi g.” – Alwi Vi ce t, P oduct Ma age , Vadzo Imagi g.
The Bolt-1335CRO i teg ates with embedded Li ux hosts th ough the sta da d V4L2 f amewo k. I teg atio follows the established path fo MIPI CSI-2 modules, begi i g with a se so device t ee ode that decla es the module o the host CSI eceive , followed by e dpoi t co figu atio fo MIPI la e mappi g a d li k f eque cy, the pad fo mat egotiatio th ough the V4L2 subdev API. Applicatio laye captu e p oceeds th ough sta da d V4L2 ioctl calls, so existi g GSt eame pipeli es, Ope CV captu e paths, a d custom applicatio s ope ate without t a spo t-specific modificatio . Vadzo has docume ted MIPI CSI-2 st eami g with GSt eame a d V4L2 fo teams buildi g captu e pipeli es o Raspbe y Pi hosts.
Focus a d stabilizatio co t ols a e exposed to the host as sta da d V4L2 co t ols athe tha th ough a p op ieta y side cha el, so applicatio softwa e que ies a d sets them usi g the same i te face used fo exposu e a d gai . This keeps i teg atio i side the mai li e embedded Li ux came a model. Fo teams wo ki g o NVIDIA Jetso came a module i teg atio o o Raspbe y Pi 5 MIPI CSI-2 platfo ms, this AR1335 MIPI Came a follows the same b i g-up seque ce used ac oss the Bolt se ies. Vadzo publishes co figu atio guida ce fo 4K came a p oducts o Raspbe y Pi hosts a d fo 13MP MIPI Came a i teg atio o Jetso ca ie boa ds. D ive packages, device t ee ove lays, a d i teg atio docume tatio cove i g suppo ted platfo m co figu atio s a e p ovided with evaluatio u its, a d d ive po ti g suppo t fo additio al SoC platfo ms is available o equest th ough Vadzo applicatio s e gi ee i g.
The Bolt-1335CRO 13MP 4K Autofocus MIPI Came a with optical image stabilizatio is available fo evaluatio , p ototypi g, a d p oductio deployme t with o mi imum o de equi eme t. Evaluatio u its i clude the came a module, d ive packages, a d i teg atio docume tatio cove i g device t ee ove lays a d V4L2 b i g-up fo suppo ted platfo ms. Custom co figu atio s i cludi g le s a d filte selectio , boa d outli e modificatio , co ecto a d cable va ia ts, ISP tu i g a d d ive po ti g a e suppo ted fo OEM a d volume p og ams. The complete 4K MIPI came a po tfolio a d the wide MIPI CSI-2 came a se ies a e published o the Vadzo Imagi g website. To equest a evaluatio u it o discuss i teg atio equi eme ts, visit the AR1335 4K Autofocus MIPI Came a p oduct page o co tact Vadzo suppo t at
Vadzo Imagi g develops embedded a d machi e visio came a p oducts fo OEMs a d system i teg ato s buildi g p oductio – eady visio systems ac oss i dust ial automatio , obotics, medical device platfo ms, etail automatio , kiosk a d digital sig age deployme ts, a d edge AI applicatio s. The compa y delive s imagi g platfo ms ac oss USB, MIPI CSI-2, GigE, Wi-Fi, a d Se Des i te faces, i cludi g a b oad 4K HDR came a po tfolio spa i g boa d-level a d e closed co figu atio s. Beyo d ha dwa e, Vadzo p ovides e d-to-e d imagi g suppo t i cludi g se so i teg atio , ISP tu i g, fi mwa e developme t, a d OEM came a customizatio se vices that accele ate developme t a d simplify deployme t at scale. Visit www.vadzoimagi g.com to explo e the full embedded visio came a po tfolio.
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